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Camara Laye was born in 1928 in Kouroussa, Guinea in the current, then a French colony. His father, a blacksmith Malinke deemed Laye encourages the young to pursue studies in French schools (note also that, as Sembene Ousmane , Camara Laye has reversed his full name, true to the traditional French school ), and soon after received his graduation certificate, the boy leaves for Kouroussa capital Conakry, where he attended the Technical Education School Georges Poiret. There CAPE Wins mechanic and in 1947, left for France with a view to becoming an engineer. There remain then odd jobs at Les Halles and the Simca factory.

There he began writing and, in 1953, she published her first novel, quite autobiographical L'Enfant Noir, in which he discusses his childhood in Guinea. This novel was very popular in France but in the African anti-colonial struggles, he was sometimes criticized for giving too sympathetic a picture of colonial Africa. This did not publish Camara Laye's Le Regard following year the king , allegorical tale of initiation and whose hero, a white man rejected by his countrymen, is trying to access the deep wisdom of Africa.

In 1956, Camara Laye returns to Africa, Dahomey and Ghana, where he teaches and befriends Kwame Nkrumah . In 1958, Guinea achieved independence and Camara Laye became ambassador in Ghana. Subsequently, it also has important functions in the Ministry of Information, before taking his distance from the regime of Ahmed Sekou Toure which he denounced the dictatorial drift in Dramouss (1966). Camara Laye

immigrates to Dakar, where he worked at the Institute fundamental of Black Africa (IFAN). As Amadou Ba Hampâté few years earlier (the work and the course of the two authors are not without common points), he conducts research on oral traditions. Which result in the publication of his latest novel, The Master speech (1978), transcripts of oral histories about the emperor Sundiata Keita Mandingo (1190-1255). Camara Laye died in Dakar in 1920, while working on a biography of Ivorian President Felix Houphouet-Boigny .

Read:
L'Enfant Noir , Plon, 1953
Gaze King , Plon, 1954
Dramouss , Plon, 1966
Master speech, Plon, 1978

Sources: Laye.com -Camara, Valerie Thiers-Thiam

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"The Dark Child, Camara Laye

is clearly a classic of African literature and the reflection of an era. The foregoing independence, since L'Enfant Noir, the Guinean writer Camara Laye , was published in 1953, five years before the referendum by which the Guinea emancipation from colonial France. But this novel has probably never aspired to such status. He describes with great simplicity and humility of his childhood author, Kouroussa where he was born in Conakry, where he studied before leaving for France ...

A classic, "I said. In the same way that Amkoullel the child Fulani, of Amadou Ba Hampâté , which we can not help thinking while reading these "memoirs" that does not say their name. The two authors in these books reflect social changes and upheavals that have Africa marked the time of colonization, without taking sides, without pointing fingers or exaggerate; simply by telling their own story. But, and this is my second point, they do not at the same time: while the memory of Amadou Ba Hampâté were published in 1991 after the death of the writer, The Dark Child is published Camara Laye, while only 25 years ... Hence a certain naivete, and especially the relative absence of decline on what he describes as compared to Hampâté Ba, for which so much water had flowed under the bridges by France on the Niger River ...

In fact, after reading The Dark Child , one quickly realizes that this novel was written for a European readership, specifically French - and in this it reflects its time. So readers, Camara Laye describes from the inside, with his children's eyes and words of adults, the traditions of an African family of Kouroussa; traditions he feels, with great lucidity, poised disappearing. For the young boy himself understands very soon he will not follow the footsteps of his father, a blacksmith known, and it does not pierce the secrets he receives in this world only major populated charms and powers, passed down from generation to generation, but finds it hard to explain.

In fact, the young Laye is called to follow another path, otherwise "rational" than the white man's school, where he succeeded brilliantly. Encouraged by his father, who understood him as the world changes inevitably, less by his mother, who would keep him with her but can only assist helplessly as its distance from mainstream society. This Last Laye passes, however, with a pride tinged with apprehension, the most important ritual, the circumcision, who spends his time at the age of man. But it is precisely at this age, 15 years old, the young man, torn between excitement and sadness, took the train to Conakry to pursue his studies. Later, it will be the plane, and France ...


L'Enfant Noir by Camara Laye
Plon, 1953
Pocket edition, 221 pages, 3.90 euros a

Read other chronic The Dark Child on Ballads and stops in African literature .

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OF THE FILM OR COME? SAINT SEBASTIEN

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Dany Laferrière

Dany Laferrière was born in 1953 in Port-au-Prince, Haiti's capital . He is the son of Windsor Klébert Laferriere, who was mayor of Port-au-Prince and Deputy Secretary of State for Trade and Industry before being driven from the island Francois Duvalier, Papa Doc, alias . For fear of retaliation, her mother, Marie Nelson, sends, to 4 years, living with his grandmother Da, Petit-Goâve. Windsor, Mary and Da will be of significant figures autobiographical work inspired by Dany Laferrière.

At 11, he returned to live with her mother in Port-au-Prince, where he attended high school. He then became a columnist for the weekly cultural Le Petit Samedi Soir and Radio Haiti-Inter. In 1976, his journalist friend Gasner Raymond, then 23 years old as he is murdered by the "Tontons Macoutes of Jean-Claude Duvalier, known as Baby Doc. Dany Laferrière then left hurriedly Haiti for Montreal, Canada.

He published his first novel, How to make love to a negro without getting tired in 1985: the book is hailed by critics and paves the way for nine other novels that constitute the "American Autobiography" by Dany Laferriere, between Montreal, New York and Miami, where the author moves from 1990 to 2002. In addition to his prolific writer, he devoted himself to writing screenplays based on his novels How to make love to a negro ... , The Taste of girls and Southbound are well adapted for the cinema.

Today, Dany Laferrière is a commentator on Radio Canada and co-directs Lyonel Trouillot with the festival Astonishing Travellers in Haiti. The writer has received many literary awards, but with The Enigma of Return , awarded the Prix Medicis in 2009, came the consecration, especially in the eyes of the French public.

also read the exchange between Dany Laferrière and Lyonel Trouillot: "Words of Haitian writers'

Read:
How to make love to a negro without getting tired , ed. Rights, 1985
Eroshima , VLB, 1987
The Smell Coffee , ed. of Man, 1992 The Taste
girls , ed. Rights, 1993
Chronicle drift sweet, VLB, 1994
This hand grenade into the negro is it weapon or fruit?, ed. Day, 1993
Pays sans chapeau, The Plumed Serpent, 1993
master Flesh, ed. Rights, 1997
The Charm of endless afternoons , The Plumed Serpent, 1998
The Scream birds crazy , The Plumed Serpent, 2002
The 80's in my old Ford , Memory inkwell 2005
Southbound , Grasset, 2006
I am a Japanese writer , Grasset, 2008
The Enigma of Return , Grasset, 2009

Sources: Astonishing Travellers , Authors. Contemporain.info , Wikipedia